| Salah Jahin | |
|---|---|
| Born | December 25, 1930 Cairo, Egypt |
| Died | April 21, 1986 (aged 55) Cairo, Egypt |
| Occupation | poet, lyricist, playwright and cartoonist |
| Nationality | Egypt |
Mohammad Salah Eldin Bahgat Helmy (صلاح الدين بهجت حلمى, IPA: [sˤɑˈlɑːħ el-, edˈdiːn ˈbæhɡæt ˈħelmi]), known as "Salah Jaheen" or "Salah Jahin" (Arabic: صلاح جاهين, IPA: [sˤɑˈlɑːħ ʒæˈhiːn]; December 25, 1930 – April 21, 1986) was a leading Egyptian poet, lyricist, playwright and cartoonist.
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Jaheen was born in Shobra district, Cairo on 1930 to a middle-class family. He studied law in Cairo University. In 1955, he started working for the Egyptian weekly magazine "Rose al-Yousef" as a cartoonist. A year later, he moved to the new magazine "Sabah el-Khair" for which he became the editor-in-chief, then he joined Al-Ahram.
Together with Fuad Haddad, Jaheen had a great role in development of Egyptian colloquial poetry. In fact, the term "shi'r al-ammiya" or "Arabic colloquial poetry" was only coined in 1961 by a group of young poets including Salah Jahin, Abd Al-Rahman Abnudi, Fuad Qaud and Sayyid Higab who called themselves "Jama't Ibn Arus".[1] Before that, poetry in colloquial Egyptian Arabic was regarded as a folkloric and low art produced by and for the uneducated masses, while the term "Shi'r" (Arabic for poetry) was restricted to poetry written in Modern Standard Arabic (commonly known as "Fuṣḥā", meaning most eloquent).[1]
He wrote several plays for the puppet theatre. He was also known for his nationalist and patriotic songs that marked the revolutionary era of Gamal Abdel Nasser role, many of which were performed by the famous Egyptian singer Abdel Halim Hafez. The poet was highly inspired by the 1952 Revolution and was sometimes known as the semiofficial poet of the revolution.[2] However, after Egypt's defeat in the 1967 war and Gamal Abdel Nasser death in 1970 he suffered from a severe depression. In one interview, he said that with the death of Nasser in 1970 and the sudden shift in political orientation he felt increasingly like Hamlet, with Sadat embodying the treacherous Claudius.[3]
In addition to political poetry, Jahin's poems frequently contain metaphysical and philosophical themes, questioning the purpose of human life, the nature of good and evil, human and divine will and the limits of human pursuit of freedom and happiness.[1]
In 1965, Jaheen was awarded the Egyptian Order of Science and Arts of the First Class. He died in 1986 at the age of 55.
In 1963 Jaheen wrote his quatrains or rubaiyat in which he expressed his beliefs, emotions and views of life, existence, good and evil. Each verse ended with one ironic expression "Agabi" or "how strange !". Quatrains are sometimes argued as the greatest popular poetic achievement in Egypt in the last 50 years.[3]
In 1971, Jaheen wrote "Ala Esm Masr" or "In Egypt's name", an epic poem narrating the history of Egypt, from the pharaoic era till present. Each verse ended with the same expression "Ala esm Masr" or "In Egypt's name" but each time holding a new meaning. In this poem Jaheen repeatedly expressed his love for his country. In one stanza, he says:
His other books of colloquial poetry include:
Jaheen is the founder of the modern Egyptian cartoon school. Among his known cartoon series were Hashish addicts, Vigor Coffee-house and the Government Departments in which he introduced a theme called the "fahhama" or "the understander", an imaginary device clamped on the skulls of various cartoon characters, which intended to make the incomprehensible comprehensible thus drawing attention to the absurdities of modern life.[2]
Jaheen's cartoons usually had political and social goals, directing the attention of the public and the government to mistakes that needed correction. For several years, Jaheen's cartoons at Al-Ahram were widely viewed by its readers and were considered "news in brief" giving a gist of what preoccupied people most.[4]
Jaheen wrote the lyrics of many songs, mostly patriotic songs that were performed by Abdel Halim Hafez. His songs include: "Soura" or photo, "ehna elsha'b" or "we are the people", "Khaly elselah sahy" or "oh weapon, be ready", "Ya ahlan belma'arek" or Welcome battles" and "El-mas'oulia" or "Responsibility". He wrote for the puppet theatre, including the famous operetta "El-leila el-kebira" or The Grand Night. Jaheen also worked as a film producer, screenwriter and an actor. His screenplays included: "Awdat al ibn al dal" or The return of the prodigal son ; directed by Youssef Chahine, "El less wal kilab" or "The Thief and the Dogs" movie, "Shafika we Metwali" or "Shafika and Metwali", "Khally ballak men Zouzou" or "Take Care of Zouzou" and "Amira Hoby Ana" or Amira My Sweetheart. In the latter two, the famous Egyptian actress Suad Husni sang some of his most beautiful songs: "Ya wad ya te'eel", "Khally ballak men Zouzou" or "Take of Zouzou", "El-hayah ba'a lonha bamby" or "Life has turned pink" and "El-donia rabe'" or "It's spring time". He also wrote the script and lyrics for the "Riddles"-a television series with a riddle in each episode presented during the month of Ramadan in the Egyptian and Arab televisions- for several successive years and for the television serial "Howa wa heya" or "He and She" portrayed by Ahmad Zaki and Suad Husni. 2010, The Egyptian Singer Tony Kaldas composed a song from his lyrics and sang it in a new different style, in a classical way with Piano.